What does a tap test help identify in composite structures?

The tap test is a widely used non-destructive testing method for evaluating the integrity of composite structures. When performed, the test involves lightly tapping the surface of the composite with a tool or finger and listening to the sound produced. This method helps identify air pockets and potential voids within the material.

In a well-integrated composite structure, the sound produced will be relatively consistent. However, the presence of air pockets or voids alters the density and integrity of the composite material, resulting in a distinct sound that differs from the surrounding areas. By interpreting these sound variations, technicians can detect issues that may compromise the structural integrity, such as delaminations or the presence of air bubbles formed during the manufacturing process.

While other options address different forms of inspections or issues (like surface texture variations, specific crack formations, or general debonding), the tap test specifically focuses on identifying voids and air pockets, making option B the most accurate choice concerning the capabilities of the tap test in composite structures.